ʻO nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka wā i hala, kēia manawa a me ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka stereolithography

ʻO ka photopolymerization Vat, ʻo ia hoʻi ka laser stereolithography a i ʻole SL/SLA, ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D mua loa ma ka mākeke. Ua hana ʻo Chuck Hull iā ia i ka makahiki 1984, ua patent iā ia i ka makahiki 1986, a ua hoʻokumu iā 3D Systems. Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana i kahi kukuna laser e polymerize i kahi mea monomer photoactive i loko o kahi vat. Hoʻopili nā papa photopolymerized (cured) i kahi papa kūkulu e neʻe i luna a i lalo paha ma muli o ka lako, e ʻae ana i nā papa e hana. Hiki i nā ʻōnaehana SLA ke hana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a pololei loa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi anawaena kukuna laser liʻiliʻi, ma kahi kaʻina hana i ʻike ʻia ʻo micro SLA a i ʻole µSLA. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā ʻāpana nui loa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi anawaena kukuna nui aʻe a me nā manawa hana lōʻihi, i loko o nā nui kūkulu e ana ana ma luna o ʻelua mika cubic.

Ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka mīkini paʻi SLA-1 Stereolithography (SLA), ka mīkini paʻi 3D kalepa mua, e 3D Systems i ka makahiki 1987.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻenehana photopolymerization vat i loaʻa i kēia lā. ʻO ka mea mua i puka mai ma hope o SLA ʻo DLP (Digital Light Processing), i hoʻomohala ʻia e Texas Instruments a lawe ʻia i ka mākeke i ka makahiki 1987. Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kukuna laser no ka photopolymerization, hoʻohana ka ʻenehana DLP i kahi mea hoʻolele kukui kikohoʻe (like me ka mea hoʻolele TV maʻamau). ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o kēia ma mua o SLA, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke photopolymerize i kahi papa holoʻokoʻa o ka mea i ka manawa hoʻokahi (i kapa ʻia he kaʻina hana "planar"). Eia nō naʻe, pili ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana i ka hoʻonā o ka mea hoʻolele a emi iho i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui.

E like me ka extrusion mea, ua lilo ka stereolithography i mea maʻalahi me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana haʻahaʻa. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻōnaehana haʻahaʻa mua ma nā kaʻina hana SLA a me DLP mua. Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua puka mai kahi hanauna hou o nā ʻōnaehana haʻahaʻa loa, compact e pili ana i nā kumu kukui LED/LCD. ʻO ka ulu hou ʻana o ka vat photopolymerization i kapa ʻia ʻo "continuous" a i ʻole "layerless" photopolymerization, kahi i hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ma kahi hoʻolālā DLP. Hoʻohana kēia mau kaʻina hana i kahi membrane, ʻo ia hoʻi ka oxygen, e hiki ai i nā wikiwiki hana wikiwiki a hoʻomau. Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa mua ʻia ka patent no kēia ʻano stereolithography i ka makahiki 2006 e EnvisionTEC, kahi hui DLP i kapa hou ʻia ʻo ETEC, ma hope o kona loaʻa ʻana e Desktop Metal. Eia naʻe, ʻo Carbon, kahi hui ma Silicon Valley, ʻo ia ka mea mua i kūʻai aku i kēia ʻenehana i ka makahiki 2016 a ua hoʻokumu iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi ma ka mākeke. ʻO ka ʻenehana a Carbon, i ʻike ʻia ʻo DLS (Digital Light Synthesis), hāʻawi i nā helu huahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hiki ke hana i nā ʻāpana me nā mea hybrid paʻa, e hoʻohui ana i nā thermosets a me nā photopolymers. Ua hoʻolauna pū nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, e like me 3D Systems (Kiʻi 4), Origin (i kēia manawa he ʻāpana o Stratasys), LuxCreo, Carima, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i nā ʻenehana like i ka mākeke.