Hōʻike Kūʻai Kūʻai Polymer Resin Global

Ua kūʻai ʻia ka nui o ka mākeke Polymer Resin ma USD 157.6 Billion ma 2023. Kuhi ʻia ka ʻoihana Polymer Resin e ulu mai ka USD 163.6 Billion ma 2024 a i ka USD 278.7 Billion e 2032, e hōʻike ana i kahi hui ulu makahiki ulu (CAGR) o 6.9% i ka wā wānana (2024 - 2024). ʻO ka ʻenehana like ʻana o nā resins mea kanu kūlohelohe he polymer resin e like me nā resins mea kanu, hoʻomaka pū ka polymer resin ma ke ʻano he wai viscous, paʻa paʻa e paʻa mau loa ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ka ea no ka manawa i koho mua ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā polymers thermosetting a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hana ai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā wahie Hydrocarbon e like me ke kinoea maoli, ka aila ʻaila, ka lanahu, ka paʻakai, a me ke one ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu no ka resin polymer. ʻO nā mea hana maka i hoʻololi i nā mea waena i nā polymers a me nā resins a me nā mea hana e hoʻohuli i kēia mau mea i mea i hoʻopau ʻia i nā ʻāpana nui ʻelua o ka ʻoihana resin polymer. Hoʻohana nā mea hoʻolako i nā mea maka i ka resin intermediate a i ʻole ka monomer me kekahi o nā kaʻina polymerization e hana i nā polymers maka. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea polymer makaʻala a kūʻai ʻia ma ke ʻano wai no nā adhesives, sealants, a me nā resins, ʻoiai hiki ke kūʻai ʻia i nā mea nui e like me nā pellets, pauka, granules, a i ʻole nā ​​​​pepa. ʻO kahi kumu nui o nā polymer precursors ka aila, a i ʻole ka ʻaila ʻaila. Hoʻohana maʻamau nā mea hana i nā ʻano hana pohā no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hydrocarbons aila i loko o nā alkene polymerizable e like me ka ethylene, propylene, a me ka butylene.

ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūʻai polimer resin

Loaʻa i nā Resins Polymer Bio-Based Traction ma ke ʻano he Hoʻoponopono Packaging Hoʻomau

Ua puka mai ka bio-based polymer resins ma ke ʻano he hopena koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hopohopo piʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kaiapuni a me nā hopena pōʻino o ka hoʻopili plastik kahiko. Me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike o ka pollution plastic a me kāna mau hopena maikaʻi ʻole i nā kaiaola, nā mea kūʻai aku, nā ʻoihana, a me nā aupuni ke hoʻonui nui nei i ka bio-based polymer resins ma ke ʻano he koho hoʻomau no nā noi hoʻopili. Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei kēia ʻano e nā kumu koʻikoʻi e hōʻike ana i nā pono a me ka hiki o ka bio-based polymer resins i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻoihana paʻi i kahi wā e hiki mai ana. Ua lōʻihi ka koho mua ʻana o nā plastic petroleum maʻamau no ka hoʻopili ʻana ma muli o ko lākou kumukūʻai-pono, versatility, a me ka lōʻihi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kā lākou hiki ʻole i ka biodegradability a me ka hoʻomau ʻana i ke kaiapuni ua alakaʻi i kahi hōʻiliʻili nui o ka ʻōpala palaka, e hoʻoweliweli nui ana i ke ola moana, nā holoholona hihiu, a me ke olakino kanaka. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, loaʻa nā resins polymer bio-based mai nā kumu hou e like me nā mea kanu, algae, a i ʻole biomass ʻōpala, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ala e hōʻemi ai i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā wahie fossil a hoʻemi i ka wāwae kalapona e pili ana i ka hana plastic.

ʻO kekahi o nā pōmaikaʻi nui loa o nā resins polymer bio-based ʻo ko lākou biodegradability a me ka composability. Hiki i nā plastic kuʻuna ke hoʻopau i nā haneli mau makahiki a hiki i nā mea ʻokoʻa bio-based hiki ke wāwahi maoli i loko o nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole i loko o kahi manawa pōkole. Mālama kēia ʻano i ka bio-basedmea paʻimai hoʻomau i ke kaiapuni, e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka haumia a me ka pōʻino i nā kaiaola. Eia hou, hiki i ka compostable bio-based polymer resins ke hoʻonui i ka lepo i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ai lākou, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ala pōʻai a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpala. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka bio-based polymer resins e pili ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kinoea hoʻomaʻemaʻe haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kā lākou mau hoa hana ʻaila. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo nā ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana e ʻimi nei e hōʻemi i kā lākou kapuaʻi kalapona ke huli nei i nā koho bio-based ma ke ʻano he koho kūpono e hoʻokō i kā lākou mau pahuhopu hoʻomau. Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau polymers i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka bio ke hoʻopaʻa i ke kalapona i ka wā o ko lākou ulu ʻana, e hana ana iā lākou i nā mea carbon-negative a hāʻawi i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ka holomua ʻenehana a me ka hana hou i ka hana a me ka hana o nā resins polymer bio-based. Hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻoponopono i nā waiwai o kēia mau mea e kūpono i nā pono o ka pahu, e like me ka maʻalahi, nā mea pale, a me ka ikaika. ʻO ka hopena, ʻike nui ʻia nā resins polymer bio-based i nā noi ma nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole, me ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā mea hou aku. Ua hana koʻikoʻi nā hoʻoponopono aupuni a me nā kulekele i ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā resins polymer bio-based. Ua hoʻokō ka nui o nā ʻāina a me nā ʻāina i nā hana e hoʻopaʻa a pāpā paha i nā huahana plastik hoʻohana hoʻokahi, e paipai ana i nā ʻoihana e ʻimi i nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā aupuni ke hāʻawi i nā mea hoʻoikaika a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea kōkua e hoʻolaha i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea bio-based, e hoʻoulu hou i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke.

ʻO ka neʻe ʻana i nā resins polymer bio-based ʻaʻole i pilikia ʻole. ʻOiai ka holomua i hana ʻia ma ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, hiki i nā mea bio-based ke alo i nā palena ma ke ʻano o ke kumukūʻai a me ka scalability. ʻO nā kaʻina hana no kekahi mau resins bio-based pono paha i nā kumuwaiwai koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ko lākou kumukūʻai-pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā plastic plastic. Eia nō naʻe, i ka holomua ʻana o ka ʻenehana a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke koi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka unahi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻoikaika i nā resins polymer bio-based.

ʻO ka ulu ʻana o nā resins polymer bio-based ma ke ʻano he hoʻonā hoʻopihapiha hoʻomau e hōʻailona ana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka haumia plastic a me ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kaiāulu ʻike ʻia. Me kā lākou biodegradability, haʻahaʻa carbon footprint, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hiki ke hana, hāʻawi kēia mau mea i kahi koho koʻikoʻi i nā plastic petroleum-based plastics. Ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻoihana, nā mea kūʻai, a me nā aupuni i ka hoʻomau ʻana, ua mākaukau ka mākeke resin polymer bio-based no ka ulu hou ʻana, e hoʻoulu ana i kahi hoʻokele pōʻai kahi e hōʻemi ʻia ai ka ʻōpala ʻōpala, a hoʻohana pono ʻia nā kumuwaiwai. Ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea bio-based, hiki i ka ʻoihana hoʻopihapiha ke hana koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka honua no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana o ka ʻāpana kūʻai ʻo Polymer Resin

Mākeke ʻo Polymer Resin ma nā ʻano ʻike ʻano Resin

Ma muli o ke ʻano resin, ʻo ka māhele mākeke Polymer Resin ka polystyrene, polyethylene,polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, expandable polystyrene, a me na mea e ae. ʻO ka huahana kaulana loa o ka mākeke resin polymer he polyethylene. Ua makemake nui ʻia ia ma nā ʻoihana he nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona hiki ke hoʻololi, paʻakikī, a me ka hiki. Nui nā huahana, e like me nā lako hoʻopili, nā ʻeke plastik, nā ipu, nā paipu, nā mea pāʻani, a me nā ʻāpana kaʻa, hoʻohana i ka polyethylene. Hoʻohana ʻia kona hoʻohana ākea e kona kūpaʻa kemika kiʻekiʻe, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka maʻalahi o ka hana. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻana i kona hiki ke hoʻololi a me ka hoʻopiʻi pāʻoihana kona mau ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka polyethylene kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (HDPE) a me ka polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDPE), e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻano kūikawā no nā noi.

Mākeke ʻo Polymer Resin ma ka Application Insights

ʻO ka māhele mākeke ʻo Polymer Resin, e pili ana i ka noi, e pili ana i ka uila & uila, kūkulu, lāʻau lapaʻau, automotive, mea kūʻai aku, ʻenehana, packaging, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO Packaging ka palapala noi pinepine e pili ana i ka mākeke resin polymer. ʻO nā resins polymer, me. ʻO ka polyethylene, polypropylene, a me ka polystyrene, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā mea hoʻopili. He kūpono lākou no nā palapala hoʻopili like ʻole ma muli o ko lākou mau ʻano kiʻekiʻe, me ka paʻakikī, ka maʻalahi, a me ka pale ʻana i ka wai. ʻO nā resins Polymer ka mea i koho ʻia no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, e komo pū ana i ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea kūʻai aku, a me nā huahana ʻoihana. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke uhi a mālama pono i nā mea, ʻaʻohe kumu kūʻai, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole a me nā hoʻolālā.

ʻIke ʻĀina Kūʻai ʻo Polymer Resin Market

Ma ka ʻāina, hāʻawi ka haʻawina i nā ʻike mākeke i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻEulopa, Asia-Pacific, a me ke koena o ka honua. Ma muli o kekahi mau kumu, ua ʻike ka ʻāina ʻo Asia Pacific i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana a me ka noho aliʻi ʻana o ka mākeke. He home ia no nā kikowaena ʻoihana koʻikoʻi e like me Kina, India, Iapana, a me South Korea, kahi i makemake nui ʻia ai nā mea i hana ʻia mai ka resin polymer ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā ʻāina nui i aʻo ʻia ma ka mākeke ʻo US, Canada, German, France, the UK, Italy, Spain, China, Japan, India, Australia, South Korea, a me Brazil.

ʻO nā mea pāʻani ma ka mākeke ʻo Polymer Resin Market a me nā ʻike hoʻokūkū

Nui nā mea kūʻai kūloko a me nā kūloko i ka polymer resin, ʻoi aku ka hoʻokūkū o ka mākeke, me nā mea pāʻani āpau e hoʻokūkū nei e loaʻa i ka mākeke mākeke. ʻO ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka noi polymer resin i ka ʻeke a me ka ʻaila a me nā ʻāpana e hoʻonui i ke kūʻai aku o ka resin polymer. Hoʻokūkū nā mea kūʻai aku ma muli o ke kumukūʻai, ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana e like me nā ʻāina. Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hāʻawi i ka resin Polymer maikaʻi a kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokūkū i ka mākeke.

ʻO ka ulu ʻana o nā mea pāʻani mākeke e pili ana i ka mākeke a me nā kūlana waiwai, nā hoʻoponopono aupuni, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana. No laila, pono nā mea pāʻani i ka hoʻonui ʻana i kā lākou hiki ke hoʻokō i ka koi a hoʻonui i kā lākou huahana huahana. ʻO Borealis AG, BASF SE, Evonik Industries AG, LyondellBasell Industries NV, Shell Plc, Solvay, Roto Polymers, Dow Chemical Company, Nan Ya Plastics Corp, Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation, Celanese Corporation, INEOS Group, a me Exxon Mobil Corporation nā ʻoihana nui i ka mākeke i kēia manawa e hoʻokūkū nei ma ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi. Ke nānā nui nei kēia mau mea pāʻani i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka resin polymer. ʻOiai ʻo nā mea pāʻani o ka honua e hoʻomalu i ka mākeke, ʻo nā mea pāʻani kūloko a me nā kūloko me nā māhele mākeke liʻiliʻi pū kekahi. ʻO nā mea pāʻani honua me kahi noho honua, me nā ʻāpana hana a i ʻole nā ​​​​keʻena kūʻai, ua hoʻoikaika i ko lākou hele ʻana ma nā wahi nui e like me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻEulopa, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, a me Middle East & Africa.

Borealis AG: he alakaʻi i ka hana hou ʻana i ka polyolefin ma ʻEulopa a ʻo kekahi o nā mea hoʻolako ʻoi loa o ka honua i nā hopena polyolefin pili i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka ʻoihana ka mea i hoʻomalu i nā mākeke kemika a me nā mea momona ma ʻEulopa. Ua hana ka hui i inoa nona iho ma ke ʻano he hoa ʻoihana hilinaʻi a he hōʻailona honua i ʻike ʻia e hoʻohui mau i ka waiwai no kāna mau hoa, nā mea kūʻai aku, a me nā mea kūʻai aku. He hui hui ka hui ma waena o OMV, he ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea honua me ke keʻena nui ma Austria, nona ka 75% o nā ʻāpana, a me Abu Dhabi National Oil Corporation (ADNOC), me ke keʻena nui ma United Arab Emirates (UAE), nona ka 25%. Ma o Borealis a me ʻelua mau ʻoihana hui nui, ʻo Borouge (me ADNOC, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma UAE) a me BaystarTM (me TotalEnergies, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma US), hāʻawi i nā lawelawe a me nā waiwai i nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Loaʻa i ka hui nā kikowaena lawelawe mea kūʻai aku ma Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Turkey, United States. Aia nā mea kanu i Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Finland, Farani, Kelemānia, Italia, South Korea, Suedena, Netherlands, United States, a aia nā kikowaena hou i Austria, Finland, a me Suedena. Loaʻa ka hui i nā kalana 120 ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East, a me ʻApelika.

BASF SE:ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hana kemika nui ma ka honua. He paionia mākeke ka hui i ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana i ka net zero CO2 emissions me kahi hoʻolālā hoʻokele kalapona piha. Loaʻa iā ia ka hana hou ikaika me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana ākea e hāʻawi i nā hopena no nā ʻoihana like ʻole o nā mea kūʻai aku a hoʻonui i ka huahana. Hoʻohana ka ʻoihana i kāna ʻoihana ma nā ʻāpana ʻeono: nā mea waiwai, nā ʻenehana ʻenehana, nā kemika, nā ʻenehana honua, nā ʻōnaehana mahiʻai, a me ka meaʻai a me ka mālama. Hāʻawi ia i nā resins polymer ma nā ʻāpana āpau me ka ʻāpana a me ka ʻaila a me ka ʻāpana kinoea. Hoʻohana ka hui i kāna ʻoihana ma o 11 mau māhele e hoʻokele ana i 54 mau ʻoihana ʻoihana honua a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻolālā no nā ʻoihana hoʻolālā 72. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo BASF i kona noho ʻana ma nā ʻāina 80 a e hana ana ma o ʻeono mau pūnaewele Verbund, e hoʻopili ai i ka hana o nā mea kanu hana, kahe ʻana o ka ikehu, a me nā ʻōnaehana ma nā wahi like ʻole. Loaʻa iā ia ma kahi o 240 mau ʻāpana hana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa me Ludwigshafen, Kelemānia, ka paʻakikī paʻakikī nui loa o ka honua nona ka hui hoʻokahi. Ke hana nui nei ʻo BASF ma ʻEulopa a loaʻa iā ia kahi noho ikaika ma ʻAmelika, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa. Hoʻohana ia ma kahi o 82,000 mau mea kūʻai mai kokoke i nā ʻāpana āpau a puni ka honua.

ʻO nā hui koʻikoʻi i ka mākeke ʻo Polymer Resin.

●Borealis AG
●BASF SE
●Evonik Industries AG
●LyondellBasell Industries NV
●Shell Plc
●Solvay
●Roto Polymers
●Ka Hui Kimia Dow
●Nan Ya Plastics Corp
●Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Hui
● Hui Celanese
● Pūʻulu INEOS
●Exxon Mobil Hui

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻoihana kūʻai ʻo Polymer Resin

Mei 2023: Ua hoʻokumu ʻo LyondellBasell lāua ʻo Veolia Belgium i kahi hui hui (JV) no ka Quality Circular Polymers (QCP) recycles plastic. E like me ke kuʻikahi, e kūʻai aku ʻo LyondellBasell iā Veolia Belgium i ka 50% hoihoi i QCP e lilo i mea nona hoʻokahi o ka hui. Ua kūpono ke kūʻai ʻana me ka hoʻolālā a LyondellBasell e kūkulu i kahi ʻoihana pōʻai pōʻai kūleʻa a me nā ʻoihana hoʻonā haʻahaʻa-carbon i mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka noi no nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe pili kaiapuni.

Malaki 2023, LyondellBasell a me Mepol Group i komo i kahi kikoʻī e loaʻa iā Mepol Group. Hōʻike kēia loaʻa i ka hoʻokō o LyondellBasell i ka holomua ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai.

Nowemapa-2022: Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Shell Chemical Appalachia LLC, kahi hui Shell plc, ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o Shell Polymers Monaca (SPM), kahi papahana Pennsylvania Chemical. ʻO ka hale hana ʻo Pennsylvania, kahi i manaʻo ʻia he 1.6 miliona tonnes i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia ka hale hana polyethylene koʻikoʻi mua ma ka ʻĀkau-hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Mei 2024:Me ke kauoha ʻana i kāna mea kanu mua o ʻAmelika no ka hana ʻana i nā pūhui plastik EC a me nā masterbatches, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Premix Oy i kahi keʻena ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Manaʻo ka poʻe haʻi'ōlelo o ka hui e ʻae ka mea kanu hou i "nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana i nā mea mai nā ʻāina ʻelua o kā mākou mea hana kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai Premix ma US, e pōmaikaʻi ʻoe i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe i hana ʻia, e hōʻoia i nā manawa alakaʻi pōkole a me ka palekana lako kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻāpana ESD i nā pahu pahu pahu nui, nā pahu, a me nā pallets Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana ʻāpana ESD, i nā pahu pahu nui, nā pahu, nā pahu a me nā pallets I kēia mau lā, hiki i ka hana ʻana ma Finland ke hiki ke hoʻohui i nā ʻano polymers kumu e like me ABS, polycarbonate, blends of both PC/ABS, nylon TPES thermoplastic a me ka thermoplastic.

ʻAukake 2024:Loaʻa i kēia manawa kahi resin polybutylene terephthalate hou i hoʻopiha ʻole ʻia, i hoʻololi ʻia i ka hopena mai ka Polymer Resources, kahi mea hoʻohui US o nā resins engineering. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka resin TP-FR-IM3 no nā noi uila i nā kūlana climatic e like me waho, intermittent-outdoor a me nā pā hale / hale. Loaʻa iā ia ka maikaʻi o ka wā, ka ikaika hopena, ke kūʻē kemika a me ka pale ahi. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Tagheuer ua loaʻa iā ia ka palapala hōʻoia kala āpau ma lalo o UL743C F1. Hoʻokō pū ia i nā kūlana UL94 V0 a me UL94 5VA no ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka lapalapa i ka mānoanoa o 1.5 mm (.06 iniha) a hāʻawi i nā ʻano koho like ʻole e like me ka ikaika hopena kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa uila kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika dielectric kiʻekiʻe a me ka poho dielectric haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia papa hou ʻo ia ka UL F1 ʻokoʻa like ʻole no ka hoʻohana ʻana i waho a hiki iā ia ke kū i ka mauu kaumaha a me ka māla, kaʻa a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kemika.

ʻO ka Māhele Kūʻai Polymer Resin Mākeke ʻAno ʻIke

●Polystyrene
●Polyethylene
●Polyvinyl Chloride
●Polypropylene
●Polystyrene hiki ke hoʻonui
● 'ē aʻe

ʻO ka ʻike noiʻi noiʻi ʻo Polymer Resin Market

● Uila & Uila
●Kūkulu
●Lapaʻau
●Kaʻa
● mea kūʻai
● ʻOihana
● Hoʻopili
● ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka Mākeke ʻĀpana Polymer Resin

● ʻAmelika ʻĀkau

oUS

oKanada

● ʻEulopa

oKelemānia

o Farani

oUK

oItalia

oSepania

ʻO ke koena o ʻEulopa

●Asia-Pākīpika

o Kina

oIapana

o Inia

oAustralia

oKorea Hema

oAustralia

o ke koena o Asia-Pakipika

● Hikina Waena & ʻApelika

o Arabia Arabia

oUAE

o Aferika Hema

ʻO ke koena o Middle East & Africa

● ʻAmelika ʻAmelika

oParazila

oArgentina

o ke koena o Amerika Latina