Aia ʻo Asia i ka hapa nui o ka mākeke uhi kai honua ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūkulu moku ma Iapana, South Korea a me Kina.
Ua hoʻomalu ʻia ka mākeke uhi kai ma nā ʻāina ʻĀsia e nā hale kūkulu moku e like me Iapana, South Korea, Singapore, a me Kina. I loko o nā makahiki he 15 i hala iho nei, ua hāʻawi ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana hana moku ma India, Vietnam a me Philippines i nā manawa kūpono no nā mea hana lole kai. Hōʻike ʻo Coatings World i kahi ʻike o ka mākeke uhi kai ma Asia i kēia hiʻohiʻona.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana o ka mākeke ʻo Marine Coatings ma ka ʻĀpana Asia
Kuhi ʻia ma USD $ 3,100 miliona ma ka hopena o 2023, ua puka mai ka mākeke uhi kai ma ke ʻano he sub-segment koʻikoʻi o ka ʻoihana pena a me ka uhi ʻana i nā makahiki he ʻumi a me ka hapa i hala.
Kuhi ʻo Asia i ka hapa nui o ka mākeke uhi kai honua ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūkulu moku ma Iapana, South Korea
a me Kina. ʻO nā moku hou he 40-45% o ka nui o nā uhi kai. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana he 50-52% o ka nui o ka mākeke uhi kai moana, ʻoiai ʻo nā waʻa leʻaleʻa/yachts ka 3-4% o ka mākeke.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka paukū mua, ʻo ʻAsia ka epicenter o ka ʻoihana uhi kai honua. Ma ka helu ʻana i ka hapa nui o ka mākeke, ua hoʻokumu nā hale o ka ʻāina i nā hale kūkulu moku a me nā mea hoʻokūkū hou.
ʻO ka ʻāina ʻo Far East - me Kina, South Korea, Iapana a me Singapore - he ʻāina mana i ka ʻoihana uhi kai. Loaʻa i kēia mau ʻāina nā ʻoihana hana moku a me ke kālepa moana nui, e koi ana i ka noi nui no nā uhi kai. Manaʻo ʻia ke koi ʻana i nā uhi kai ma kēia mau ʻāina e hoʻopaʻa inoa i ka ulu mau ʻana i ka wā pōkole a me ka manawa waena.
I nā mahina he ʻumikūmālua i hala (Iulai 2023- Iune 2024), ua piʻi nui ke kūʻai ʻana o nā uhi no nā moku hou, ma muli o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka noi mai Kina a me South Korea. Ua ulu nui nā kūʻai aku o nā mea hoʻoponopono moku, ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o nā pono o nā moku e hōʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o CO2, e hoʻokō i nā lula wahie kai.
ʻO ka noho aliʻi ʻana o ʻAsia i ka hana moku a ʻo ka hopena o ka uhi ʻana i ka moana, ua hala nā makahiki he mau makahiki e hoʻokō ai. Ua lilo ʻo Iapana i mea hana moku honua i nā makahiki 1960, ʻo South Korea i nā makahiki 1980 a me Kina i nā makahiki 1990.
ʻO nā iwilei mai Iapana, South Korea a me Kina ka mea pāʻani nui loa i kēlā me kēia o nā ʻāpana mākeke nui ʻehā: nā tankers, nā mea lawe nui, nā moku ipu a me nā moku o waho e like me ka lana ʻana a me nā kahua mālama a me nā moku LNG regasification.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ua hāʻawi aku ʻo Iapana a me South Korea i ka ʻenehana maikaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me Kina. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka waiwai nui o kāna ʻoihana kūkulu moku, ua hana ʻo Kina i nā moku ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā ʻāpana paʻakikī e like me nā moku pahu ultra-nui o 12,000-14,000 20-foot equivalent units (TEU).
Ke alakaʻi nei i nā mea hana hoʻoheheʻe moana
Hoʻohui nui ʻia ka mākeke coating moana, me nā mea pāʻani alakaʻi e like me Chugoku Marine Paints, Jotun, AkzoNobel, PPG, Hempel, KCC, Kansai, Nippon Paint, a me Sherwin-Williams e helu ana ma mua o 90% o ka mākeke holoʻokoʻa.
Me ka huina kūʻai o 11,853 miliona NOK ($1.13 biliona) ma 2023 mai kāna ʻoihana moana, ʻo Jotun kekahi o ka mea hana nui loa o ka honua o nā uhi kai. Ma kahi kokoke i 48% o nā ʻāpana kai o ka hui i kūʻai ʻia ma ʻekolu mau ʻāina nui ma Asia - Iapana, South Korea a me Kina - i 2023.
Me nā kūʻai honua o € 1,482 miliona mau kūʻai mai kāna ʻoihana uhi kai ma 2023, ʻo AkzoNobel kekahi o nā mea hana a me nā mea hoʻolako.
Ua ʻōlelo ka hoʻokele o AkzoNobel i kāna hōʻike makahiki 2023, "Ua ʻike ʻia ka hoʻomau hou ʻana o kā mākou ʻoihana uhi kai ma ke kua o kahi manaʻo ikaika, ʻike loea a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻomau. ʻO ka hopena e hāʻawi ai i ka wahie a me nā hoʻoheheʻe ʻana no nā mea nona a me nā mea hana a kōkua i ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā manaʻo decarbonization o ka ʻoihana.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Chugkou Paints i ke kūʻai aku ʻana he 101,323 miliona yen ($710 miliona) mai kāna mau huahana uhi kai.
Nā ʻāina hoʻokele koi hou
I kēia manawa i hoʻomalu ʻia e Iapana, South Korea, a me Kina, ke ʻike nei ka mākeke uhi kai ʻAsia i ka noi mau ʻana mai kekahi mau ʻāina ʻo South East Asia a me India. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau ʻāina e manaʻo ʻia e puka mai ma ke ʻano he kūkulu moku nui a me nā kikowaena hoʻoponopono i ka manawa waena a me ka lōʻihi.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, a me India ka mea nui i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana uhi kai i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
No ka laʻana, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka ʻoihana moana o Vietnam i ʻāpana koʻikoʻi e ke aupuni Vietnamese a ke hele nei ʻo ia e lilo i hoʻokahi o nā hale kūkulu moku nui a me ka hoʻoponopono moku ma Asia. ʻO ke koi no ka uhi ʻana i ka moana ma waena o nā ʻauwaʻa moku kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē i maloʻo i Vietnam e manaʻo ʻia e ulu nui i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
"Ua hoʻonui mākou i ko mākou wāwae i Vietnam e hoʻokomo i nā uhi kai," wahi a Ee Soon Hean, ka luna nui, Nippon Paint Vietnam, nāna i hoʻokumu i kahi kahua hana ma Vietnam i ka makahiki 2023. ʻO nā moku e koi ai i ka uhi ʻana, me ka hana hou a me nā tonage e kū nei.
Nā Kumu Hoʻoponopono a me ke Kaiapuni no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka koi ʻana o ka uhi kai
Manaʻo ʻia nā mea hoʻoponopono a me nā kaiapuni e alakaʻi i ka noi a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻoihana uhi kai i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
Wahi a ka International Maritime Organization (IMO), ke kuleana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa moana i kēia manawa no ka 3% o ka hoʻoiho kalapona o ka honua. No ka pale ʻana i kēia, ke koi ʻia nei ka ʻoihana e nā aupuni, nā mea hoʻoponopono honua, a me ka lehulehu ākea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kāna hana.
Ua hoʻokomo ʻo IMO i nā kānāwai e kaupalena a hōʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ea a me ke kai. E hoʻomaka ana mai Ianuali 2023, helu ʻia nā moku āpau ma luna o 5,000 gross tons e like me ka IMO's Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), e hoʻohana ana i nā ala maʻamau e helu ai i nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā moku.
Ua puka mai ka uhi o Hull ma ke ʻano he wahi koʻikoʻi no nā ʻoihana moku moku a me nā mea hana moku i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai wahie a me nā hoʻokuʻu. ʻO ka hull maʻemaʻe e hōʻemi i ke kū'ē, hoʻopau i ka nalowale wikiwiki a ma laila e mālama ai i ka wahie a hoʻemi i nā hoʻokuʻu. ʻO nā kumukūʻai wahie ma waena o 50 a me 60% o nā lilo hana. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo IMO's GloFouling Project ma 2022 e hiki i nā mea nona ke mālama i ka nui o ka USD 6.5 miliona no kēlā me kēia moku ma nā kumukūʻai wahie i loko o ʻelima mau makahiki ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hull proactive a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe propeller.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-13-2024
